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Everything You Need to Know About HPV

December 5, 2024

Written by Lauryn Peregrino, Registered Nurse (Student), Preventative Care Program (PCP)

What is HPV?

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. It can commonly cause warts to grow on the skin and mucous membranes. High-risk HPV can cause several cancers, most notably cervical cancer.

According to the Government of Canada (2024), approximately 75% of sexually active individuals will be infected with at least one anogenital HPV infection. Most people will be able to treat the infection, however, small percentage of this population will develop cancer from an HPV infection.

In 2019, HPV caused an estimated 690,000 cancers cases globally. 620,000 were cancer cases in women and 70,000 cases were in men.

In 2023, there was an estimated 1,500 new cervical cancer cases in Canada. It was estimated that the cervical cancer rate was to be 8 cases in 100, 000 women. Making cervical cancer the 14th most common cancer among Canadian women.

Statistics for other HPV associated cancers:

  • 60-73% of oropharyngeal cancers
  • 90% of anal cancers
  • 40% of vaginal or vulvar cancers
  • 40-50% of penile cancers

HPV Facts

  • HPV vaccination can prevent these types of cancers
  • Many people will be asymptomatic during HPV infection
  • It can take 15-20 years for cervical cancer to develop after an infection
  • There are screening tests available for cervical cancer related to HPV
  • There is currently no treatment for HPV infections
  • Safe sex practices can reduce the risk of HPV transmission.

Steps for Prevention

  • Get the HPV Vaccination
  • Practice Safe Sex
  • Get your Pap Smears Done
  • Get Screened if Needed

Let’s Get Vaccinated

The HPV vaccine is the most effective way to prevent HPV infection, cervical cancer, and other HPV-related cancers.
2 to 3 doses are recommended for best protection.

Please discuss with your primary healthcare provider about vaccination.

Resources

  1. Central East Cervical Cancer Program: https://cercp.ca/cervical-screening/
  2. Government of Ontario HPV Vaccination Site: https://www.ontario.ca/page/getting-hpv-vaccine
  3. Contact your primary care provider